Papiliovenator neimengguensis (meaning "butterfly hunter", after a butterfly-shaped feature on its first two dorsal vertebrae) is an extinct genus of troodontid theropod dinosaur that lived in Inner Mongolia, China during the Late Cretaceous period.
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It is unique for its short snout. It was discovered in the Bayan Mandahu Formation of Inner Mongolia, China. It lived during the campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous, and would have coexisted with ankylosaurs like Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus, ceratopsians like Protoceratops hellenikorhinus, other troodontids like Philovenator, an indeterminate tyrannosaur, and many more. Its name means "Butterfly hunter", in reference to the butterfly-shaped chevron bone.