Anomozamites is one of the most characteristic fossil genera of the extinct order Bennettitales (Cycadophyta). It is notably diverse and extends from the Triassic to the Cretaceous in Laurasia. In total, thirty Anomozamites species and nine conformis species have been documented from sixty-two Mesozoic fossil sites in China. However, some of them were reported in Chinese only, or in some cases were inappropriately described. Here, we provide detailed comparative characteristics for each individual Anomozamites species found in China. Analysis of the tempo-spatial distributions of Anomozamites in the Mesozoic of China shows that it initially appeared during the Late Triassic where it reached its maximum in both number of species and localities and were mostly distributed in southern China. Afterwards, Anomozamites saw a sharp reduction in number of species and localities but extended its distribution from southern to northern China during the Early Jurassic. The species number and localities of the genus slightly increased during the Middle Jurassic, and mainly appeared in northern China. Finally, from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, the genus gradually disappeared in China. Two notable species turnovers during the evolutionary history of Anomozamites were recognised at the Triassic–Jurassic and the Early–Middle Jurassic transitions, respectively. The species diversity and tempo-spatial distributions of Anomozamites through the Mesozoic in China likely result from the combined effects of the palaeogeographic and palaeoclimatic shifts, which were induced by the dramatic tectonic activities. During the Late Triassic–Middle Jurassic, the humid condition was probably in favour of the development of the genus, whereas, since the Late Jurassic, the increased aridity greatly affected Anomozamites and eventually led to its disappearance in China.