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'''' The Crimean Peninsula in Ukraine contains key Middle to Upper Paleolithic transitional archaeological sites, including the site of Starosele, where archaeologists have now discovered a 5-cm-long fragment of a Neanderthal bone between 46,000 and 44,000 years old.
They have also found that genetically, this individual is closely related to Neanderthals from the Altai via its mitochondrial DNA, suggesting long-range migrations of Neanderthal groups across Eurasia. These migrations during favorable climatic conditions likely involved the spread of the Micoquian stone tool industry ~ indicating both cultural continuity and regional mobility during the Late Pleistocene. ''''
New findings reveal the geological age, context, and anatomy of hominin fossils discovered at the Ledi-Geraru Research Project in Ethiopia. Although scientists have uncovered much of the story of human evolution, several key chapters are still missing.
One major gap lies between 2 and 3 million years ago, a period for which fossil evidence remains scarce. This absence is especially significant because it marks the era when the branch of the hominin family tree that includes modern humans, or Homo sapiens, first appears in the fossil record.
Today, Homo sapiens (commonly referred to by anthropologists as Homo) is the only surviving member of the hominin lineage. In earlier times, however, our ancestors shared the Earth with other related species, sometimes competing and coexisting with them. Recent research supported by the National Science Foundation and the Leakey Foundation, and published in Nature, helps close one of these evolutionary gaps by revealing two early hominin species that lived side by side.
At the Ledi-Geraru site in Ethiopia’s Afar Region, an international research team discovered hominin fossils dated between 2.6 and 3.0 million years old. Lucas Delezene, an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Arkansas, served as the study’s second author, contributing alongside more than 20 scientists from North America, Africa, and Europe...
An international team of researchers working at Ledi-Geraru in Ethiopia has uncovered fossils indicating that early Homo and a newly identified Australopithecus species coexisted between 2.6 and 2.8 million years ago.
The discovery includes 13 Australopithecus teeth, distinct from the famous Australopithecus afarensis (“Lucy”), and confirms there is no evidence of Lucy’s kind after 2.95 million years ago.
Dating was made possible by analyzing volcanic ash layers containing feldspar crystals, bracketing the fossils in time. This finding reveals a more complex, “bushy tree” pattern of human evolution, where different hominin species overlapped in both time and place.
Two Hominin Species Together: Oldest known Homo fossils and a new Australopithecus species found at the same site.
Precise Dating from Volcanic Ash: Feldspar crystals in volcanic layers bracketed the fossils at 2.6–2.8 million years old. Complex Evolutionary Picture that Supports a “bushy tree” model of human evolution with overlapping species.
Arizona State University A team of international scientists has discovered new fossils at a field site in Africa that indicate Australopithecus, and the oldest specimens of Homo, coexisted at the same place in Africa at the same time — between 2.6 and 2.8 million years ago.
The paleoanthropologists discovered a new species of Australopithecus that has never been found anywhere. The Ledi-Geraru Research Project is led by scientists at Arizona State University and the site has revealed the oldest member of the genus Homo and the earliest Oldowan stone tools on the planet....
(Edited by The dragnor)
In this 4.4-million-year-old skeleton, scientists may have found [ The ] missing step between climbing and walking.
Named : Ardi ~ is The Oldest known partial skeleton of a hominin and shows foot features that are transitioning from vertical climbing to bipedal walking.
While Ardi has the primitive grasping big toe of the more apelike human ancestors that came before her, other parts of her feet are more evolved.
It is Ardi’s talus, a bone in the ankle, that lies somewhere between the morphology of the same bone in apes and humans.
4.4-million-year-old female skeleton named Ardi answer a question.
Predating even The iconic Lucy by a million years, she belongs to the species Ardipithecus ramidus, and is revealing more about our origins and how we became bipedal.
Unearthed in the Ethiopian desert back in 1994, Ardi is the oldest known partial hominin skeleton, though her species has been known since 1925 under the name Australopithecus ramidus.
Biological anthropologist Thomas Prang of Washington University in St. Louis and his research team discovered that Ardi was able to walk upright but still retained a grasping foot and other ape -- like features...
[ ◊ ◊ ] | Also; We actually found a way to | Endure | The : L E A D ~~ Stayin' Alive ! Somehow....
(Edited by The dragnor)
'''' In a new study, University of New South Wales Professor Mike Archer and colleagues re-examined the fossilized tibia [ lower leg bone ] of a now-extinct, Giant sthenurine kangaroo.
Found in Mammoth Cave in southwestern Australia around the time of the First World War, the bone was later determined to be hard evidence showing that Indigenous Australians hunted The Megafauna.
Professor Archer was involved in the 1980 study that found a distinctive cut in the fossilized bone was evidence of butchery. But he now happily concedes this original finding was wrong.... '''''
''''' Some extinct mammals from Australia's Mammoth Cave included (from left) a giant long-nosed echidna, a short-faced kangaroo, a wombat-like marsupial and a Tasmanian thylacine...
Peter Schouten Recent analysis of two fossils from Australia, estimated to be about 50,000 years old, suggests that Australia’s First Peoples valued big animals for their fossils as well as for their meat, collecting bones and transporting them over great distances. For decades, scientists viewed cut marks on the fossils as signs that Indigenous Australians hunted large prey — possibly to the point of extinction. When humans first arrived in Australia around 65,000 years ago, the continent was home to enormous animals that are now long gone, such as giant long-nosed echidnas, short-faced kangaroos that stood nearly 10 feet | 3 meters tall, and wombat-like tusked marsupials as big as rhinos !
...But by about 46,000 years ago, all these large animals had disappeared. In the 1960s, scientists detected a human-made cut mark on a fossilized kangaroo tibia found between 1909 and 1915 at Mammoth Cave in southwestern Australia.
At the time that the cut was identified, researchers proposed that the mark proved that First Peoples butchered ancient megafauna.
However, researchers recently scanned the internal structure of the bone and presented a new interpretation: The cut on the bone was made after the animal was long dead — perhaps after its remains had fossilized.
This finding would rule out butchering, suggesting instead that the kangaroo’s preserved bone was the prize, scientists reported Wednesday in the journal Royal Society Open Science.
''' Researchers for generations have tried to understand why Australia’s Ice Age giants — enormous kangaroos, car-sized wombat-like creatures, and massive flightless birds — went extinct. Many have thought that the arrival of humans in Sahul — the ancient landmass that once linked Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea — sometime around 65,000 years ago may have helped drive these creatures to extinction around 40,000 years ago.
But new research suggests that one of the most famous pieces of evidence supporting that idea was misinterpreted... '''
Humans evolved fastest among the apes, 3D skull study shows
Humans evolved large brains and flat faces at a surprisingly rapid pace compared to other apes, likely reflecting the evolutionary advantages of these traits
Early Humans Outsprinted Other Apes in Evolution, Growing a Larger Brain at a Faster Rate
Early humans evolved at a much faster rate than other apes, adapting larger brains as they developed new ways to socialize...
Human evolution is a long and winding tale that goes back millions of years, but one aspect of our anatomy shaped up quickly compared to other mammals: our large brains and flat faces. As these distinctive features were catching on in humans, the development of skull structure in other apes dragged behind.
The discovery of a human facial fragment aged over one million years represents the oldest known face in western Europe and confirms the region was inhabited by two species of human during the early Pleistocene, finds a new study involving a UCL researcher.
[ ■ ] https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1102548
Humans evolved large brains and flat faces at a surprisingly rapid pace compared to other apes, likely reflecting the evolutionary advantages of these traits, finds a new analysis of ape skulls
The paper, published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, analysed how the evolutionary diversity of the skulls of humans and other related apes evolved over millions of years. They found that the skull structure for humans evolved substantially faster than that of any other closely related ape species.
[ Humans driving extinctions on scale not seen since dinosaurs, scientists say ]
[ Humans Driving Extinctions at Scale Not Seen in 66 Million Years ]
[ Humans are pushing life on Earth toward the next mass extinction ]
Fossilized footprints reveal two extinct hominin species living side by side 1.5 million years ago
'''' Diverse forms of Homo, including Homo longi, coexisted during the Middle Pleistocene. Whether these fossil humans represent different species is debated.
The one-million-year-old Yunxian 2 skull from China is important for understanding the genesis of Homo.
In new research, paleoanthropologists restored and reconstructed the distorted Yunxian 2 fossil using recently introduced technology. Their results show that this skull displays mosaic primitive and derived features.
The team’s analyses suggest that it is an early member of the Asian Homo longi lineage, which includes the Denisovans and is the main part of the sister group to the Homo sapiens lineage... '''
So... Denisovans are classified as Homo Longi now on ? Or a subspecies of it ?
''' A reconstruction of a one-million-year-old skull suggested that our species started to emerge hundreds of thousands of years earlier than previously believed, according to a brainy new study published in the journal Science.
“ From the very beginning, when we got the result, we thought it was unbelievable. How could that be so deep into the past ? ” said Prof Xijun Ni of Fudan University, who co-led the analysis, the BBC reported.
Dubbed Yunxian 2 skull, the ancient cranium was reportedly exhumed in 1990 from an archaeological repository in Hubei province in central China, Livescience reported.
[◊] Oh... and the random ahh bruh Fishe news : Platysomus parvulus. Carboniferous 'le fishe
In new PBS series 'Human,' anthropologist Ella Al-Shamahi explores how humans came to dominate Earth
Charts humanity's evolutionary odyssey. We sat down with her to discuss the path of our species out of Africa to global hegemony.
When Homo sapiens first emerged in Africa some 300,000 years ago, we did not roam the planet alone...
■ ] Our species lived alongside at least six, and possibly more:
other human species, from Homo erectus, the first hominin species to venture out of Africa; to Neanderthals and Denisovans, contenders for our closest relatives; --- } all the way to Homo floresiensis — less than 4-foot-tall (1.2 meters) "'hobbits"' who lived on the Indonesian island of Flores. Let alone other species like : non-hominin hominids such as : The Meganthropus...etc.
It's an origin story that Ella Al-Shamahi, a British Arab paleoanthropologist, presenter and explorer, often likens to the Lord of the Rings. Yet, despite its intriguing details, it's also one she says we don't talk about enough...
■ ] https://leakeyfoundation.org/we-found-2-9-million-year-old-stone-tools/
'''' New evidence suggests that Paranthropus—human cousins once thought to rely solely on teeth and jaws for eating—may have used tools. Previously, scientists believed only early humans crafted stone tools, but a new discovery in Kenya may rewrite that story... ''''
>At an archaeological site in southwestern Kenya, researchers unearthed a set of distinctive stone tools believed to be around three million years old—potentially the oldest ever found of their kind !
...Even more surprising: the tools were discovered near fossils of Paranthropus, an early hominin that is not a direct ancestor of modern humans. The find supports theories that other human relatives, beyond the Homo genus, may have used stone tools—pushing back the origins of the Oldowan technique by several hundred thousand years ! ''''
Creepy; attached like an Impaled Vampire !
''' A new dating of the minerals that surrounded and grew over the mysterious Petralona skull places its age at 277,000 years at least – and suggesting it is a member of a primitive, extinct hominid that lived alongside Homo neanderthalensis... '''
[ '' From a morphological point of view," writes a team led by geochronologist Christophe Falguères of the Institute Of Human Paleontology in France.
The Petralona hominin forms part of a distinct and more primitive group than Homo sapiens and Neanderthals, and the new age estimate provides further support for the coexistence of this population alongside the evolving Neanderthal lineage in the later Middle Pleistocene of Europe '' ]
''' A fresh look at early members of our lineage suggests that males and females were not built alike. The size gap was wide, and it likely shaped daily life in ways we do not see in people today...
The conclusion comes from a new comparison of two classic Pliocene species that many readers know by name, but not by their striking differences! '''
[Dimorphism seen in fossils ]
''' The work centers on Australopithecus afarensis, known from eastern Africa between about 3.85 and 2.95 million years ago, and on Australopithecus africanus, known from South Africa between about 3.3 and 2.1 million years ago...
The South African record for A. africanus anchors the southern end of the comparison and spans a similarly broad window in deep time. The two species lived far apart, which helps test whether size differences track local environments or something deeper.
Lucy, the small-bodied A. afarensis skeleton cataloged as AL 288-1, has long shaped how people picture that species. She was a tiny adult, an outlier who needed to be placed within the full spread of body sizes now known. '''
[ ■ ] What the new comparisons show ::
Both Australopithecus species show strong dimorphism, with A. afarensis standing out as even more pronounced. Adam D. Gordon notes that the Lucy species was not defined by a few unusually large individuals but by a consistent gap between the sexes, visible in body mass, limb breadth, and leverage... ''
New archaeological discoveries on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi suggest that early humans made a major sea crossing far earlier than previously believed.
Stone tools dating back over a million years reveal that ancient hominins were active in this region of Wallacea, a zone long considered a barrier to migration....
Ancient tools found on Sulawesi suggest early humans crossed formidable seas over a million years ago, leaving behind mysteries about their identity and evolution.
Researchers from Griffith University have uncovered evidence that ::
Early hominins ventured across open seas to reach the Indonesian island of Sulawesi far earlier than previously believed.
The discovery comes from stone tools at the Early Pleistocene (or ‘Ice Age’) site of Calio, dated to at least 1.04 million years ago.
The study, published in Nature, was led by Budianto Hakim of Indonesia’s National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) and Professor Adam Brumm of the Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution at Griffith University.
Hakim’s excavation team unearthed seven stone artifacts from sandstone layers exposed in a cornfield in southern Sulawesi. These tools provide direct evidence of early human activity in the region.
(Edited by The dragnor)
(Edited by The dragnor)
''' According to new CT scans and models, parts of the 140,000-year-old skull resemble those of modern humans, while the jaw appears to be more similar to those of our extinct relatives... '''
https://www.earth.com/news/neanderthal-skull-traits-cause-modern-brain-conditions/
''' A pulsing headache can feel like your brain is fighting for space. New research suggests that this tug-of-war may trace back to Neanderthal skull traits we share with our extinct cousins...
A recent study zeroes in on Chiari malformation type 1, a condition in which the lower cerebellum droops through the foramen magnum, the bony opening at the skull’s base. '''
Tl;dr - we have such big brains. It causes problems about our hybridized traits from The Neandarthals
(Edited by The dragnor)